{"id":1082,"date":"2020-07-18T23:39:29","date_gmt":"2020-07-18T20:39:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/?p=1082"},"modified":"2020-07-19T16:37:42","modified_gmt":"2020-07-19T13:37:42","slug":"weingreen-exercise-32-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/2020\/07\/weingreen-exercise-32-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Weingreen – Exercise 32 #1"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The following is the first English-to-Hebrew drill from Exercise 32 of Weingreen\u2019s A Practical Grammar for Classical Hebrew<\/em>. Participation in the translation drills dropped off, so I\u2019ve decided to continue on my own. My dear friend Jonathan is welcome to post his work as a comment on this blog post, but I\u2019m not going to continue to post the threads on B-Hebrew when no one seems interested. Perhaps this is a personal task that I will need to go forward on alone (or with Jonathan).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

(1) Sarah the wife of Abraham bore (to) him a son and she called his name Isaac, as the word which the angel spoke to Abraham her husband.<\/p>\n

Sarah<\/u> is the subject of the sentence, so it appears without a preposition or the DDOM, and the wife of Abraham<\/u> is in apposition to it. Of course, \u201cwife\u201d is the word for \u201cwoman\u201d (\u05d0\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4<\/span>), which appears in the construct here (\u05d0\u05b5\u05ab\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea<\/span>) with \u201cAbraham\u201d as its base noun. The verb bore<\/span> would be in the 3fs form (\u05d9\u05b8\u05bd\u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d4<\/span>), agreeing with \u201cSarah,\u201d which is \u201cshe.\u201d It takes the indirect object with the lamed prefix ((to) him<\/span> \u05dc\u05d5\u05b9<\/span>) and a son<\/span> is indefinite and anarthrous (\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05df<\/span>). I\u2019m taking the phrase as simply beginning a new narrative, no vav-consecutive and no temporal setup. Thus, for the first phrase we have:<\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05c2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b5\u05ab\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea \u05d0\u05b7\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4\u05b8\u05dd \u05d9\u05b8\u05bd\u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05df…<\/p>\n

And she called<\/span> will be continuing from the previous phrase, and I will take it as a vav-consecutive, which has the imperfect form of \u05e7\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0<\/span> \u201cto call\u201d in 3fs, which is identical to 2ms (\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e7\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0<\/span>). The vav-consecutive element is \u05d5\u05b7\u25a1\u05bc<\/span> (va-<\/span> with da\u0304g\u0304e\u0304s\u030c<\/span>), making the correct form \u05d5\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e7\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0<\/span> \u201cand she called.\u201d His name<\/u> is definite by use of the 3ms possessive suffix on \u05e9\u05c1\u05b5\u05dd<\/span>, giving us the form \u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9<\/span> that needs to be joined to the verb with the DDOM. Isaac<\/u> is technically an object complement<\/a> in this sentence, sitting in a type of apposition to \u201chis name.\u201d We could reconstruct this statement as \u201chis name was Isaac\u201d to get at the semantic force behind it (\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d4\u05b8\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e6\u05b0\u05d7\u05b8\u05e7<\/span>). This is what we have so far:<\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05c2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b5\u05ab\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea \u05d0\u05b7\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4\u05b8\u05dd \u05d9\u05b8\u05bd\u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05df \u05d5\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e7\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05be\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e6\u05b0\u05d7\u05b8\u05e7…<\/p>\n

As the word<\/u> is surely to be understood as \u201caccording to the word,\u201d granted that \u201cas\u201d and \u201caccording to\u201d both translate the prefixed preposition \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05be<\/span>. In this case, it is definite (\u05db\u05bc\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8<\/span>) and will be followed by a relative clause introduced by \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8<\/span>. The angel spoke<\/span> will be the piel perfect 3ms \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8<\/span> \u201che spoke\u201d1<\/sup> with \u05d4\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05da\u05b0<\/span> as the subject. To Abraham<\/u> will follow the preposition \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc\u05be<\/span> and have \u201cher husband\u201d (either \u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05d4\u05bc<\/span> or \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4\u05bc<\/span>) in apposition. The entire drill will be rendered:<\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05c2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b5\u05ab\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea \u05d0\u05b7\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4\u05b8\u05dd \u05d9\u05b8\u05bd\u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05df \u05d5\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e7\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05be\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e6\u05b0\u05d7\u05b8\u05e7 \u05db\u05bc\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d4\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05da\u05b0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc\u05be\u05d0\u05b7\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05d4\u05bc\u05c3<\/p>\n

If you\u2019re interested in keeping alive the prospect of translating from English to Hebrew on B-Hebrew, let me know. I\u2019m more than willing to keep the exercises going, provided that people are still enjoying them and if we have participation. I don\u2019t like being the only person working on them.<\/p>\n

Comments:<\/p>\n

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  1. We learn the paradigm of the piel as \u05e1\u05b4\u05e4\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8<\/span> with a tsere<\/em> in the second syllable, but the word \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8<\/span> actually appears in the Bible with segol<\/em>, just as \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05dc\u05bc\u05b7\u05dd<\/span> and \u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8\u05b7\u05da\u05b0<\/span> appear with patach<\/em>. In modern Hebrew, these have all been standardized, so that we say \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8<\/span> \u201che spoke,\u201d \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05dc\u05bc\u05b5\u05dd<\/span> \u201che paid,\u201d and \u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8\u05b5\u05da\u05b0<\/span> \u201che blessed.\u201d For example, the word in question appears eleven times in 1 Kings 2, in which one has \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u0591\u05e8<\/span> (with etnachta<\/em> in pause), one has \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u0594\u05e8<\/span> (with zakef-katon<\/em>, which often places words in pause, but not necessarily), and nine have \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8<\/span> (with various servant accents). I\u2019ve used segol in the pointing of \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8<\/span> to be consistent with what is most frequently found in the text of the Bible.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    The following is the first English-to-Hebrew drill from Exercise 32 of Weingreen\u2019s A Practical Grammar for Classical Hebrew. Participation in the translation drills dropped off, so I\u2019ve decided to continue on my own. My dear friend Jonathan is welcome to post his work as a comment on this blog post, but I\u2019m not going to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"bgseo_title":"","bgseo_description":"","bgseo_robots_index":"","bgseo_robots_follow":"","_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-categories"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1082"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1082\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1099,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1082\/revisions\/1099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1082"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1082"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}