{"id":847,"date":"2020-06-08T21:38:24","date_gmt":"2020-06-08T18:38:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/?p=847"},"modified":"2020-06-13T01:49:27","modified_gmt":"2020-06-12T22:49:27","slug":"verbs-in-hebrew-introduction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/2020\/06\/verbs-in-hebrew-introduction\/","title":{"rendered":"Verbs in Modern Hebrew (Introduction)"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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\"\"<\/a>Verbs are certainly one of the hardest parts of modern Hebrew. This article starts a series of articles on the \u05e4\u05b0\u05bc\u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd<\/span> that are the nightmare of any Hebrew learner, not only for beginners. This introductory post will discuss the basic characteristics of Hebrew verbs; while in the following articles, we will dig deeper into each one of the \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>.<\/p>\r\n

All verbs in Hebrew consist of two things:<\/p>\r\n

    \r\n
  1. Pattern (\u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span>)<\/strong>: this is the \u201cbody\u201d or the \u201cstructure\u201d of the verb, what gives each \u05e4\u05bc\u05b9\u05ab\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span> (verb) its form<\/em><\/strong>. <\/em><\/li>\r\n
  2. Root (\u05e9\u05c1\u05ab\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1<\/span>): <\/strong>this is the three- or four-letter system that gives meaning<\/em><\/strong> to each \u05e4\u05bc\u05b9\u05ab\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

    <\/p>\r\n

    1. PATTERN (\u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span>)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

    There are seven verb patterns (\u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>) in Hebrew, the name of each being derived from the lexical\/basic form (third-person masculine singular in the past).<\/p>\r\n

    1-  Paal (\u05e4\u05b8\u05bc\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span>) – active. This \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> represents the simplest form of a verb, without any \u201cadditional letters\u201d in its basic form (only the \u05e9\u05c1\u05ab\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1<\/span> appears).<\/p>\r\n

    Common verbs from this \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> include:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05d0\u05b8\u05db\u05b7\u05dc<\/span> \u2013 ate
    \u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05b7\u05d3<\/span> \u2013 learned 
    \u05db\u05b8\u05bc\u05ea\u05b7\u05d1<\/span> \u2013 wrote <\/p>\r\n

    2- Piel (\u05e4\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e2\u05b5\u05dc<\/span>) – active. This \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> generally represents a verb in its \u201ccausative\u201d mode (you cause someone to do something) and it features a \u201c\u05d9<\/span>\u201d between the first and second letter of the root.<\/p>\r\n

    Common verbs from this \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> include:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05dc\u05b4\u05d9\u05de\u05b5\u05bc\u05d3<\/span> \u2013 taught 
    \u05d3\u05b4\u05bc\u05d9\u05d1\u05b5\u05bc\u05e8<\/span> – spoke 
    \u05e1\u05b4\u05d9\u05e4\u05b5\u05bc\u05e8<\/span> \u2013 told<\/p>\r\n

    3- Hifil (\u05d4\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9\u05dc<\/span>) \u2013 active. This \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> generally involves \u201cmore than one person\u201d and it has a \u201c\u05d4<\/span>\u201d as a prefix and a \u201c\u05d9<\/span>\u201d between the second and 3rd letter of the root.<\/p>\r\n

    Common verbs from this \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> include:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05d4\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d2\u05b4\u05bc\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1<\/span> \u2013 felt
    \u05d4\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05d6\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8<\/span> \u2013 brought back 
    \u05d4\u05b4\u05d6\u05b0\u05db\u05b4\u05bc\u05d9\u05e8<\/span> \u2013 made (someone) to remember<\/p>\r\n

    4- Hitpael (\u05d4\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05e4\u05b7\u05bc\u05e2\u05b5\u05dc<\/span>) \u2013 passive and reflexive:. This \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> is usually used to describe reflexive actions  and also some passive ones. It features a prefix \u201c\u05d4\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0<\/span>\u201d before the root.<\/p>\r\n

    Common verbs from this \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> include:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05d4\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05e7\u05b7\u05d1\u05b5\u05bc\u05dc<\/span> \u2013 was accepted
    \u05d4\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05e7\u05b7\u05dc\u05b5\u05bc\u05d7<\/span> \u2013 bathed (oneself)
    \u05d4\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05d2\u05b7\u05dc\u05b6\u05d7<\/span> \u2013 shaved (oneself)<\/p>\r\n

    5- Nifal (\u05e0\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span>) \u2013 active\/ passive. It is usually the passive voice of \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df \u05e4\u05b8\u05bc\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span> when you simply put a \u05e0<\/span> in front of the root of the \u05e4\u05b8\u05bc\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span> verb. But some verbs from this \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05df<\/span> have an active meaning such as:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05e0\u05b4\u05db\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05e1<\/span> \u2013 entered
    \u05e0\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e8<\/span> \u2013 was kept
    \u05e0\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b7\u05d3<\/span> \u2013 was born <\/p>\r\n

    6- Pual (\u05e4\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span>) and 7- Hufal (\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span>) are simply the passive forms of \u05e4\u05bc\u05d9\u05b4\u05e2\u05b5\u05dc<\/span> and \u05d4\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9\u05dc<\/span>.<\/p>\r\n

    Some common verbs of \u05e4\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span> are:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05d3\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05b7\u05bc\u05e8<\/span> = was spoken
    \u05e1\u05d5\u05bc\u05e4\u05b7\u05bc\u05e8<\/span> = was told<\/p>\r\n

    A common verb of \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc<\/span> is:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05e8\u05b0\u05d2\u05b7\u05bc\u05e9\u05c1<\/span> \u2013 was felt <\/p>\r\n

    2. ROOT (\u05e9\u05c1\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1<\/span>)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

    The roots that give meaning<\/strong> to a verb in Hebrew are usually formed by a sequence of three letters such as in: <\/p>\r\n

    \u05db.\u05ea.\u05d1<\/span> – meaning related to \u201cwriting\u201d
    \u05e9.\u05de.\u05e2<\/span> \u2013 meaning related to \u201clistening\u201d<\/p>\r\n

    However, some others have a four-letter-root to convey meaning and these are only present in the \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e4\u05bc\u05d9\u05b4\u05e2\u05b5\u05dc<\/span> and \u05d4\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05e4\u05b7\u05bc\u05e2\u05b5\u05dc<\/span>, such as:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05d1.\u05d6.\u05d1.\u05d6<\/span> = meaning of \u201cspend\u201d something in great amount 
    \u05d1.\u05dc.\u05d1.\u05dc<\/span> = meaning related to \u201cconfusion\u201d<\/p>\r\n

    VERBAL GENDER<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

    Another important feature of verbs in Hebrew is about gender. Unlike in English, there is usually a differentiation between  feminine and masculine in the verbs you use. So, for instance, if you are a man<\/strong> and wants to say \u201cI speak Hebrew\u201d you say: <\/p>\r\n

    \u05d0\u05b2\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05de\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05ea<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    And if you are a woman<\/strong>, you should say:<\/p>\r\n

    \u05d0\u05b2\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05de\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05d1\u05b6\u05bc\u05ab\u05e8\u05b6\u05ea \u05e2\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05ea<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    TENSES<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

    I know that these ideas of pattern, root and verbal gender may be new to all of you, but tenses are something that are present in English as well. And unlike in English, where you have perfect and continuous tenses, in Hebrew there are only three: present<\/strong> , past<\/strong> and future<\/strong>. <\/p>\r\n

    So, I hope this text gave you all a good introduction on Hebrew verbs. See you in the next article where we will explore more of the verb \u05e4\u05e2\u05dc<\/span> in all its tenses and forms! <\/p>\r\n

    Sources:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

    Menorah with the \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>: https:\/\/br.pinterest.com\/pin\/283304632797751768\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n

    Basic explanations of the \u05d1\u05b4\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d9\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LNMoeShT-3g<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Verbs are certainly one of the hardest parts of modern Hebrew. This article starts a series of articles on the \u05e4\u05b0\u05bc\u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd that are the nightmare of any Hebrew learner, not only for beginners. This introductory post will discuss the basic characteristics of Hebrew verbs; while in the following articles, we will dig deeper into each […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"bgseo_title":"","bgseo_description":"","bgseo_robots_index":"","bgseo_robots_follow":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[16,29,32,10,31],"class_list":["post-847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-categories","tag-beginners","tag-grammar","tag-hebrew-verbs","tag-modern","tag-pealim"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=847"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":973,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/847\/revisions\/973"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thehebrewcafe.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}